gun

英 [gʌn] 美[ɡʌn]

英英释义考试真题实用场景例句

近义词weapon pistol firearm rifle revolver

n. 枪枝；枪状物；持枪歹徒
vi. 用枪射击；加大油门快速前进
vt. 向…开枪；开大油门
n. (Gun)人名；(瑞典)贡；(英)冈；(俄、意)古恩

CET6TEM4CET4考研中高频词基本词汇

中文词源

gun 枪，炮

词源不详，可能来自妇女名Gunilda, 字面意思为战斗，击打。gun, 击打，词源同bane, offend. hilda, 砍，杀，词源同gladiator.

词态变化

复数: guns;第三人称单数: guns;过去式: gunned;过去分词: gunned;现在分词: gunning;

英文词源

gun: gun: [14] Gun probably comes, unlikely as it may seem, from the Scandinavian female forename Gunnhildr (originally a compound of gunnr ‘war’ and hildr ‘war’). It is by no means unusual for large fearsome weapons to be named after women (for reasons perhaps best left to psychologists): the huge German artillery weapon of World War I, Big Bertha, and the old British army musket, Brown Bess, are cases in point.

And it seems that in the Middle Ages Gunnhildr or Gunhild was applied to various large rock-hurling seige weapons, such as the ballista, and later to cannon. The earliest recorded sense of gun (on this theory representing Gunne, a pet form of Gunhild) is ‘cannon’, but it was applied to hand-held firearms as they developed in the 15th century.
gun (n.): mid-14c., gunne "an engine of war that throws rocks, arrows or other missiles from a tube by the force of explosive powder or other substance," apparently a shortening of woman's name Gunilda, found in Middle English gonnilde "cannon" and in an Anglo-Latin reference to a specific gun from a 1330 munitions inventory of Windsor Castle ("... una magna balista de cornu quae Domina Gunilda ..."). Also compare gonnilde gnoste "spark or flame used to fire a cannon" (early 14c.). The woman's name is from Old Norse Gunnhildr, a compound of gunnr and hildr, both meaning "war, battle." First element from PIE *gwhen- "to strike, kill" (see bane); for second, see Hilda. The identification of women with powerful weapons is common historically (such as Big Bertha, Brown Bess, Mons Meg, etc.). Or perhaps directly from Old Norse gunnr "battle." The word was perhaps influenced by or confirmed by (or possibly from) Old French engon, dialectal variant of engin "engine."

Meaning grew with technology, from cannons to firearms as they developed 15c.; popularly applied to pistols and revolvers from 1744. In modern military use the word is restricted to cannons (which must be mounted), especially long ones used for high velocity and long trajectory. Hence great guns (1884 as an exclamation) distinguished from small guns (such as muskets) from c. 1400. Meaning "thief, rascal" is from 1858. For son of a gun, see son. To jump the gun (1912, American English) is a figurative use from track and field. Guns "a woman's breasts" (especially if prominent) attested by 2006.
[G]un covers firearms from the heaviest naval or siege guns (but in technical use excluding mortars and howitzers) to the soldier's rifle or the sportsman's shotgun, and in current U.S. use even the gangster's revolver. In the other European languages there is no such comprehensive word, but different terms for the small or hand gun of the soldier or sportsman (even these, sometimes differentiated) and the heavy naval guns or artillery pieces .... [Buck, 1949]
gun (v.): "shoot with a gun," 1620s, from gun (n.). Related: Gunned; gunning. The sense of "accelerate an engine" is from 1930, from earlier phrase give (her) the gun (1917), which appears to have originated in pilots' jargon in World War I; perhaps from the old military expression give a gun "order a gun to be fired" (c. 1600).

双语例句

1. Planes dropped bombs and raked the beach with machine gun fire.: 飞机投下炸弹，并用机关枪扫射海滩。

2. The stationmaster pounced and wrestled the gun from him.: 站长猛扑过去，奋力夺下他手中的枪。

3. The gun was fired and Beaton was wounded a second time.: 枪响了，比顿再次受伤。

4. Graham hit him across the face with the gun.: 格雷厄姆用枪击打他的脸部。

5. He was shot in the head by an air gun pellet.: 他被气枪弹丸击中头部。

英英释意

1. a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

2. large but transportable armament

3. a person who shoots a gun (as regards their ability)

4. a professional killer who uses a gun

5. a hand-operated pump that resembles a gun; forces grease into parts of a machine

6. a pedal that controls the throttle valve;: "he stepped on the gas"

7. the discharge of a gun as signal or as a salute in military ceremonies;: "a twenty gun salute"

考试真题

A medium-sized young man carrying a gun.

Now it seems that a hand gun was found in your luggage.

Yes, but… W: According to the statement you made, you had never seen the hand gun before it was found in your bag

Kumar that to bring a hand gun into Hong Kong without proper authorization is a serious offense.

Maybe so, but someone managed to get that hand gun onto the aircraft or it couldn't have been there

But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.

Jeff had hunted in Lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off.

实用场景例句

She's gunning for the top job.: 她正竭力谋取最高职位。

He gunned the cab through the red light.: 他猛踩油门，开着出租汽车闯过了红灯。

a line of motorcycles with their engines gunning: 引擎狂转的一队摩托车

The champions came out (with) all guns blazing.: 优胜者们神采奕奕地登场亮相。

I'm really under the gun today.: 我今天的压力真大。

a hired gun: 雇用的枪手

a staple gun: U形钉枪

a gun battle between rival gangs: 对立帮派间的枪战

The gun went off by accident.: 枪走火了。

She pulled a gun on me (= took out a gun and aimed it at me) .: 她掏出枪来对准了我。

The police officers drew their guns (= took them out so they were ready to use) .: 警察拔出了枪。

He pointed/aimed the gun at her head.: 他用枪对准 / 瞄准了她的头。

Should police officers carry guns ?: 警察应该佩枪吗？

anti-aircraft guns: 高射炮

Look out, he's got a gun!: 小心，他有枪！

a toy gun: 玩具枪

to fire a gun at sb: 向某人开火

He should have stuck to his guns and refused to meet her.: 他本应坚持己见，拒绝与她会面。

It wasn't due to be released until September 10, but some booksellers have jumped the gun and decided to sell it early.: 这本书定于9月10号发行，但是一些书商已抢先一步，决定提前销售。

The company came out with guns blazing.: 公司鼓足了劲要大干一番。

He gunned his engine and drove off.: 他发动引擎，驱车而去。

The starting gun blasted and they were off.: 发令枪响了，他们冲了出去。

The inner-city has guns and crime and drugs and deprivation.: 市中心的贫民区充斥着滥用枪支、犯罪、吸毒和贫困问题。

He produced a gun and he came into the house...: 他掏出枪来，走进房子。

I saw a man leveling a gun at a crow.: 我看见一个人正用枪瞄准一只乌鸦.

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