jet

英 [dʒet] 美[dʒɛt]

n. 喷射，喷嘴；喷气式飞机；黑玉
adj. 墨黑的
vt. 射出
vi. 射出；[航] 乘喷气式飞机

核心词汇中频词CET6考研TEM4CET4

中文词源

jet 喷气式飞机，喷嘴

来自中古法语jeter,扔，投掷，来自拉丁语jactare,来自jacere,扔，投掷，词源同project,eject.引申词义水流，喷水嘴，喷气，喷气式飞机等。

jet 煤玉，黑玉，黑色大理石

来自古法语jaiet,褐煤，来自拉丁语gagates,来自希腊语gagates lithos,来自Gages的石头。Gages为古希腊时期地中海古国Lycia的一座古城，lithos,石头，词源同lithology,lithium.本质上是一种褐煤，质地坚硬，可用于雕刻，也被当作宝石使用。

词态变化

复数: jets;第三人称单数: jets;过去式: jetted;现在分词: jetting;

英文词源

jet: jet: English has two distinct words jet. The older, which denotes a type of black stone used in jewellery [14], comes via Old French jaiet and Latin gagātēs from Greek gagátēs, which denoted ‘stone from Gagai’, a town in Lycia, in Asia Minor, where it was found. The jet of ‘jet engines’ [16] goes back ultimately to a word that meant ‘throw’ – Latin jacere (from which English also gets inject, project, reject, etc).

A derivative of this was jactāre, which also meant ‘throw’. It passed via Vulgar Latin *jectāre into Old French as jeter, and when English took it over it was originally used for ‘protrude, stick out’: ‘the houses jetting over aloft like the poops of ships, to shadow the streets’, George Sandys, Travels 1615. This sense is perhaps best preserved in jetty ‘projecting pier’, and in the variant form jut [16], while the underlying meaning ‘throw’ is still present in jettison ‘throw things overboard’ and its contracted form jetsam.

But back with the verb jet, in the 17th century it began to be used for ‘spurt out in a forceful stream’. The notion of using such a stream to create forward motion was first encapsulated in the term jet propulsion in the mid 19th century, but it did not take concrete form for nearly a hundred years (the term jet engine is not recorded until 1943).
=> inject, jetsam, jettison, jetty, jut, project, reject, subject
jet (n.1): "stream of water," 1690s, from French jet, from jeter (see jet (v.)). Sense of "spout or nozzle for emitting water, gas, fuel, etc." is from 1825. Hence jet propulsion (1867) and the noun meaning "airplane driven by jet propulsion" (1944, from jet engine, 1943). The first one to be in service was the German Messerschmitt Me 262. Jet stream is from 1947. Jet set first attested 1951, slightly before jet commuter plane flights began. Jet age is attested from 1952.
jet (v.): early 15c., "to prance, strut, swagger," from Middle French jeter "to throw, thrust," from Late Latin iectare, abstracted from deiectare, proiectare, etc., in place of Latin iactare "toss about," frequentative of iacere "to throw, cast," from PIE root *ye- "to do" (cognates: Greek iemi, ienai "to send, throw;" Hittite ijami "I make"). Meaning "to sprout or spurt forth" is from 1690s. Related: Jetted; jetting.
jet (n.2): "deep black lignite," mid-14c., from Anglo-French geet, Old French jaiet "jet, lignite" (12c.), from Latin gagates, from Greek gagates lithos "stone of Gages," town and river in Lycia. As "a deep black color," also as an adjective, attested from mid-15c.

双语例句

1. As he talked, an airforce jet screamed over the town.: 他谈话时，一架军用喷气式飞机在镇子上空呼啸而过。

2. Workers at the plant build the F-16 jet fighter.: 这个工厂的工人建造F-16喷气式战斗机。

3. Military historians may never know what brought down the jet.: 军事史学家们可能永远也不会知道是什么击落了这架喷气式飞机。

4. The company laid off 65,000 workers after commercial-jet orders dried up.: 商务飞机订单减少后公司精减了65,000名工人。

5. The jet-setting couple made frequent appearances in the gossip columns.: 这对穿梭于各国的富豪夫妇经常出现在八卦专栏。

英英释意

1. an airplane powered by one or more jet engines

2. the occurrence of a sudden discharge (as of liquid)

3. a hard black form of lignite that takes a brilliant polish and is used in jewellery or ornamentation

4. street names for ketamine

5. an artificially produced flow of water

考试真题

The aircraft cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution.

Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet.

Obviously you are suffering from jet lag.

实用场景例句

a jet aircraft/fighter/airliner: 喷气式飞机 / 战斗机 / 客机

The accident happened as the jet was about to take off.: 事故是在喷气式飞机正要起飞时发生的。

The pipe burst and jets of water shot across the room.: 管子爆裂，一股股水从屋子这头喷到那头。

to clean the gas jets on the cooker: 把煤气灶的气嘴擦干净

Her private jet landed in the republic on the way to Japan...: 她的私人喷气式飞机在前往日本的途中降落在该共和国境内。

He had arrived from Jersey by jet.: 他乘喷气式飞机从泽西飞来。

He and his wife, Val, will be jetting off on a two-week holiday in America...: 他和妻子瓦尔将乘喷气式飞机飞往美国度假两周。

They spend a great deal of time jetting around the world.: 他们花了很多时间乘喷气式飞机周游世界。

A jet of water poured through the windows.: 一股水流从窗口喷涌而入。

He hated the deafening noise of a jet plane.: 他讨厌喷气式飞机震耳欲聋的噪音.

Put a match to the jet to light the gas.: 将火柴放在煤气喷嘴上点燃煤气.

I don't see the jet of your plan.: 我不明白你的计划的要点.

A jet plane sheared the blue sky.: 一架喷气式飞机划破蓝空.

This new jet engine is superbly engineered.: 这个新喷气式发动机的设计实属上乘.

Jet travel is now a commonplace.: 乘喷气式飞机旅行现在是寻常的事.

The president's plane was convoyed by five jet fighters.: 总统座机由五架战斗机护航.

We will jet to Las Vegas for the weekend.: 我们将乘坐喷气式飞机去拉斯维加斯度周末.

Talk poured from him in a jet.: 他口若悬河般地谈着.

I staved off jet lag with a bath and an early night.: 我洗了个澡又提前睡下,免除飞行时差的反应.

Jet fighters scout the skies.: 喷气式战斗机在空中侦察巡逻.

The jet entered Chinese airspace without permission.: 那架喷气式飞机未经允许闯入中国领空。

a jet fighter: 喷气式战斗机

As he talked, an airforce jet screamed over the town.: 他谈话时，一架军用喷气式飞机在镇子上空呼啸而过。

Two jet fighters were downed.: 两架喷气式战斗机被击落。

The jumbo jet is due to fly the hostages directly back to London.: 大型喷气式客机将把人质直接送回伦敦。

Military historians may never know what brought down the jet.: 军事史学家们可能永远也不会知道是什么击落了这架喷气式飞机。

It's a good idea to spend the first night of your holiday sleeping off the jet lag.: 把假期的第一个晚上用来睡觉倒时差是个不错的主意。

Jet lag is caused because the body clock does not readjust immediately to the time change.: 由于人体生物钟不能迅速对时差作出调整，因而产生了飞机时差反应。

Sending a replacement jet would have been uneconomic.: 当时派一架喷气式飞机去替换的话，代价太大了。

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