lock

英 [lɒk] 美[lɑk]

英英释义考试真题实用场景例句

近义词latch fasten seal shut close clasp

vt. 锁，锁上；隐藏
vi. 锁；锁住；卡住
n. 锁；水闸；刹车
n. (Lock)人名；(英、丹、德、瑞典)洛克

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6中频词基本词汇

中文词源

lock 锁

来自古英语loc,河坝，围栏，关闭，来自PIE*leug,弯，转，可能同PIE*lek,词源同leg,lizard.后引申词义锁。

lock 头发，一绺头发

来自古英语locc,卷曲，一绺头发，可能与lock（锁）为同一词源。

词态变化

复数: locks;第三人称单数: locks;过去式: locked;过去分词: locked;现在分词: locking;

助记提示

lock: 牢扣、牢靠。

英文词源

lock: lock: [OE] English has two words lock. The one meaning ‘fastening mechanism’ goes back ultimately to a prehistoric Germanic *luk-or *lūk-, denoting ‘close’, which also produced German loch ‘hole’ and Swedish lock ‘lid’. Closely related are locker [15], etymologically a ‘box with a lock’, and locket [14], which was acquired from Old French locquet, a diminutive form of loc (which itself was a borrowing from Germanic *luk-). Lock ‘piece of hair’ goes back to a prehistoric Indo-European *lug-, which denoted ‘bending’. Its Germanic relatives include German locke, Dutch and Danish lok, and Swedish lock.
lock (n.1): "means of fastening," Old English loc "bolt, fastening; barrier, enclosure," from Proto-Germanic *lukan (cognates: Old Norse lok "fastening, lock," Gothic usluks "opening," Old High German loh "dungeon," German Loch "opening, hole," Dutch luik "shutter, trapdoor"). "The great diversity of meaning in the Teut. words seems to indicate two or more independent but formally identical substantival formations from the root."

The Old English sense "barrier, enclosure" led to the specific meaning "barrier on a river" (c. 1300), and the more specific sense "gate and sluice system on a water channel used as a means of raising and lowering boats" (1570s). Wrestling sense is from c. 1600. Phrase under lock and key attested from early 14c.
lock (n.2): "tress of hair," Old English locc "lock of hair, curl," from Proto-Germanic *lukkoz (cognates: Old Norse lokkr, Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Dutch lok, Old High German loc, German Locke "lock of hair"), from PIE *lugnos-, perhaps related to Greek lygos "pliant twig, withe," Lithuanian lugnas "flexible."
lock (v.): "to fasten with a lock," c. 1300, from Old English lucan "to lock, to close" (class II strong verb; past tense leac, past participle locen), from the same root as lock (n.1). Cognate with Old Frisian luka "to close," Old Saxon lukan, Old High German luhhan, Old Norse luka, Gothic galukan. Meaning "to embrace closely" is from 1610s. Related: Locked; locking. Slang lock horns "fight" is from 1839.

双语例句

1. She shrugged a stray lock of hair out of her eyes.: 她把一缕散发从眼前甩开。

2. He picked each lock deftly, and rifled the papers within each drawer.: 他熟练地撬开每一把锁，把每个抽屉里的文件都偷走了。

3. That key will come in handy if you lock yourself out.: 要是你把自己锁在了屋外，那把钥匙就派上用场了。

4. She eventually had to lock herself in the toilets to avoid him.: 她最后只好把自己锁在厕所里来躲开他。

5. It was too late now for Blake to lock his room door.: 这会儿布莱克再锁房门已太晚了。

英英释意

1. a fastener fitted to a door or drawer to keep it firmly closed

2. a strand or cluster of hair

3. a mechanism that detonates the charge of a gun

4. enclosure consisting of a section of canal that can be closed to control the water level; used to raise or lower vessels that pass through it

5. a restraint incorporated into the ignition switch to prevent the use of a vehicle by persons who do not have the key

6. any wrestling hold in which some part of the opponent's body is twisted or pressured

考试真题

In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies.

They're also only a single layer in what should ideally be a many-sided approach to securing your home, one that includes common sense things like sound locks and proper exterior lighting at night.

That means defeating the lock somehow, or breaking a window.

Presumably, you keep your doors locked at night and while you're away, so the thief will still need to break in.

There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and locked away in a file cabinet.

Well, the sign on my store says the hours are ten to six, but if business is slower than usual, I can just lock up and take off early.

The bills would lock that pledge into law.

And while you may forgive your smartphone an occasional fault, you probably have less patience for error messages from your door lock.

He should replace the door lock.

It was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.

Students are provided with a combination for their room door locks upon check-in.

The office of residence life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.

The theater audience said good-by as bradford locked the doors for the last time.

While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of locked garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies.

实用场景例句

Did you lock the door?: 你锁门了吗？

This suitcase doesn't lock.: 这手提箱锁不上。

She locked her passport and money in the safe.: 她把自己的护照和钱锁在了保险柜里。

The brakes locked and the car skidded.: 汽车刹车抱死，车在原地打滑。

He locked his helmet into position with a click.: 他喀哒一声把头盔扣好。

The two sides are locked into a bitter dispute.: 双方陷入了激烈的争论。

She felt locked in a loveless marriage.: 她觉得自己陷入了一桩没有爱情的婚姻。

They were locked in a passionate embrace.: 他们热烈地拥抱在一起。

These files are locked to protect confidentiality.: 为了保密，这些文件都加了锁。

The company has locked horns with the unions over proposed pay cuts.: 公司与工会就减薪计划争论不休。

At 9 p.m. the prisoners are locked in for the night.: 晚上9点犯人被锁在牢房里过夜。

I'd locked myself out of the house and had to break a window to get in.: 我把自己锁在了门外，不得不破窗而入。

Don't forget to lock up at night.: 晚上别忘了锁好门窗。

He locked up the shop and went home.: 他锁好商店的门窗后回家了。

Their capital is all locked up in property.: 他们把所有资金都搁死在地产上了。

She turned the key in the lock.: 她转动锁眼里的钥匙。

a bicycle lock: 自行车的车锁

a steering lock: 转向锁

Are you sure you locked the front door?...: 你确定锁了前门吗？

Wolfgang moved along the corridor towards the locked door at the end.: 沃尔夫冈走向过道尽头锁着的那扇门。

At that moment he heard Gill's key turning in the lock of the door...: 那一刻，他听见吉尔的钥匙开启门锁的声音。

An intruder forced open a lock on French windows at the house.: 有人强行撬开落地窗上的锁闯入屋里。

Her maid locked the case in the safe...: 她的女佣把箱子锁进保险柜里。

They beat them up and locked them in a cell.: 他们殴打了他们，并把他们锁在一间囚室里。

He leaned back in the swivel chair and locked his fingers behind his head...: 他仰靠在转椅上，十指交叉枕在脑后。

There was a whine of hydraulics as the undercarriage locked into position.: 随着液压系统嘎吱一声响，起落架进入了锁定位置。

She brushed a lock of hair off his forehead.: 她撩开他脑门上的一绺头发。

...women with long, wavy locks.: 留着长长卷发的女人们

The books were normally kept under lock and key in the library vault...: 这些书一般妥善锁藏在图书馆的地窖里。

He is currently under lock and key at Eastmoor secure unit in Leeds.: 他眼下被关押在利兹的伊斯特穆尔保安部。

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