port

英 [pɔːt] 美[pɔrt]

英英释义考试真题实用场景例句

近义词dock harbor pier

n. 港口，口岸；（计算机的）端口；左舷；舱门
vi. 转向左舷
vt. 持（枪）；左转舵
n. (Port)人名；(英)波特；(法)波尔；(德、俄、匈、捷)波尔特

CET4TEM4考研CET6IELTS中频词基本词汇

中文词源

port 港口，端口，船的左舷

来自拉丁语portus,港口，来自PIE*per,向前，通过，词源同ford,forth.用于航海术语左舷，即从后面掌舵位往前看朝向港口的位置，比较starboard,右舷，掌舵位。并引申计算机端口等词义。

词态变化

复数: ports;

英文词源

port: port: English has no fewer than five distinct words port, all of them going back to the Latin stem port-, a descendant of the Indo-European base *por- ‘going, passage’ (from which English also gets fare, ford, etc). Based on this stem was portus ‘harbour’ (etymologically a ‘place by which one enters’), which was borrowed into English as port ‘harbour’ [OE].

It is thought that the nautical port ‘left’ [17] originally denoted the side of the vessel facing harbour. And port the drink [17] gets its name from Oporto (literally ‘the port’), the town at the mouth of the river Douro in Portugal through which port is shipped. From Latin portus was derived the verb portāre, which presumably originally meant ‘bring into port’, but by classical times had broadened out to simply ‘carry’.

This gave English the military verb port ‘carry’ [16], and also underlies deport [15], export [15], import, important, portable [14], portfolio [18] (etymologically a ‘carrier of leaves’ or papers), portly [16], portmanteau, report, and transport. Also from portus comes English opportunity. From the same stem came Latin porta ‘gate, door’, which reached English via Old French porte as port ‘gate’ [13].

It came to be applied in the 14th century to an ‘opening in the side of a ship’, and it is now most commonly encountered in the compound porthole [16]. Portal [14] and portcullis are among its descendants.
=> fare, ferry, fiord, ford; deport, export, import, important, opportunity, portable, portly, report, transport; porch, portal, portcullis, porthole, portico
port (n.1): "harbor," Old English port "harbor, haven," reinforced by Old French port "harbor, port; mountain pass;" Old English and Old French words both from Latin portus "port, harbor," originally "entrance, passage," figuratively "place of refuge, asylum," from PIE *prtu- "a going, a passage," from root *per- (2) "to lead, pass over" (cognates: Sanskrit parayati "carries over;" Greek poros "journey, passage, way," peirein "to pierce, run through;" Latin porta "gate, door," portare "passage," peritus "experienced;" Avestan peretush "passage, ford, bridge;" Armenian hordan "go forward;" Welsh rhyd "ford;" Old Church Slavonic pariti "to fly;" Old English faran "to go, journey," Old Norse fjörðr "inlet, estuary").

Meaning "left side of a ship" (looking forward from the stern) is attested from 1540s, from notion of "the side facing the harbor" (when a ship is docked). It replaced larboard in common usage to avoid confusion with starboard; officially so by Admiralty order of 1844 and U.S. Navy Department notice of 1846. Figurative sense "place of refuge" is attested from early 15c.; phrase any port in a storm first recorded 1749. A port of call (1810) is one paid a scheduled visit by a ship.
port (n.2): "gateway," Old English port "portal, door, gate, entrance," from Old French porte "gate, entrance," from Latin porta "city gate, gate; door, entrance," from PIE root *per- (see port (n.1)). Specific meaning "porthole, opening in the side of a ship" is attested from c. 1300.
port (n.3): "bearing, mien," c. 1300, from Old French port, from porter "to carry," from Latin portare (see port (n.1)).
port (n.4): type of sweet dark-red wine, 1690s, shortened from Oporto, city in northwest Portugal from which the wine originally was shipped to England; from O Porto "the port;" (see port (n.1)).
port (v.): "to carry," from Middle French porter, from Latin portare "to carry" (see port (n.1)). Related: Ported; porting.

双语例句

1. He asked for a glass of port after dinner.: 晚饭后，他要了一杯波尔图葡萄酒。

2. They had asked Hong Kong for permission to put into port there.: 他们请求香港允许他们在那里入港停留。

3. Captain David Clement and 150 commandos stormed the port this morning.: 戴维·克莱门特上尉和150名突击队员今天早上对港口展开突袭。

4. When they first captured the port, they virtually cleaned out its warehouses.: 他们刚占领港口时，把那里的仓库简直抢了个精光。

5. The trawler had sailed from the port of Zeebrugge.: 拖网渔船已经驶离了泽布吕赫港。

英英释意

1. a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

2. sweet dark-red dessert wine originally from Portugal

3. an opening (in a wall or ship or armored vehicle) for firing through

4. the left side of a ship or aircraft to someone facing the bow or nose

5. (computer science) computer circuit consisting of the hardware and associated circuitry that links one device with another (especially a computer and a hard disk drive or other peripherals)

考试真题

He was probably stationed in this provincial trading port, founded in 46 BC, as a colony for veterans of the Roman Army.

When Tm doing something I'd rather not do, or when I'm someplace I'd rather not be, I use my phone to port myself elsewhere.

All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.

Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river.

The chief prize for the stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.

实用场景例句

fishing ports: 渔港

Rotterdam is a major port.: 鹿特丹是一个重要的港口城市。

a naval port: 军港

The ship spent four days in port .: 这艘船在港口停泊了四天。

They reached port at last.: 他们终于抵达港口。

port of entry (= a place where people or goods can enter a country): 入境口岸

the port side: 左舷

the modem port: 调制解调器端口

Port-Louis is an attractive little fishing port.: 路易港是个漂亮的小渔港。

...the Mediterranean port of Marseilles.: 地中海港口城市马赛

...the bridges which link the port area to the city centre.: 连接港区和市中心的桥梁

...the city's port authority.: 该市的港务局

Her official number is carved on the port side of the forecabin.: 这艘船的注册编号刻在前舱的左舷上。

He asked for a glass of port after dinner.: 晚饭后，他要了一杯波尔图葡萄酒。

Whereas your family's archives is personal, those held by the National Archives are official.: 但是您的家庭档案是个人的, 而国家档案馆所拥有的这些档案却是官方的.

It was so foggy that the steamship almost ran down a small boat leaving the port.: 雾很大,汽艇差点把一只正在离港的小船撞沉.

The whisky was taken to bonded warehouses at Port Dundee.: 威士忌酒已送到邓迪港的保稅仓库.

The ship is outward bound , sailing away from its home port.: 这艘船是开往外埠的.

There is only one port along this rocky coast.: 这个多岩石的海岸只有一个港口.

The ship will reach port tomorrow morning.: 那条船将于明晨靠港.

This port can handle up to 50000000 tons of cargo every year.: 这个港口每年可吞吐50000000吨货物.

The tugboat towed the damaged ship into port.: 拖船把坏了的船拖进港口.

The new port has been opened to foreign ships.: 新建的港口已向外轮开放.

We opened a white church to the port.: 在左舷方向我们看见一所白色教堂.

This is an excellent port being secure from every wind.: 这个海港是一个不论刮什么样的风都不会出危险的良港.

This port is within two days'sail of New York.: 这个港口离纽约的航程不到两天.

This port can handle up to 40,000,000 tons of cargo a year.: 这个港口一年可吞吐4,000万吨货物.

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